ASIAN IMMIGRATION

1.  Push-pull factors in Chinese immigration

	a.  broad context: economic hardship

		British imperialism: Opium War, 1839-42
		
		indemnities and taxation

	b.  Gold Mountain

		indenture

		the question of “coolie labor”

2.  Chinese immigrants

	a.  mostly men, intention to return

	b.  mining

		tax on foreign miners		

	c.  railroad labor

	d.  urban labor in San Francisco

	e.  laundry

	f.  agriculture

3.  Movement for Chinese exclusion

	a.  1877 in San Francisco

	b.  business response

	c.  Workingmen’s Party

Dennis Kearney

	d.  Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882

	e.  continued violence against Chinese

		Rock Springs massacre, 1885

4.  Japanese immigration

	a.  Japan’s policy

	b.  Hawaii, 1880s

	c.  Pacific coast, 1890s

	d.  “Gentleman’s Agreement,” 1907

		“picture brides”

	e.  anti alien-land laws